More than one half of the world’s population live in urban areas, which comprise the cities and their surroundings. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to keep on accommodating the burgeoning population due to ...

Globally, the level of urbanization is rapidly increasing and metropolitan areas are growing fast, creating extensive land use changes and urban spatial expansion. In 2011, a total of 3.6 billion people were urban dwellers, ...

The focus of urban planning is to place communities in healthy built environments. Providing fresh water, air and sanitation were early concerns however, less tangible but critical concerns are arising with the recent ...

Energy efficiency was firstly commanded for commercial buildings in the world. However convincing all building owners about adopting sustainability measures has not been fully realised. Sustainable building owners benefits ...

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Tourism plays a major role in the world economies today. It highly influence to world GDP as well as creation of employment opportunities. Travel motivation is one of the interesting factors of select tourist destination.. ...