The Stratigrafical study of climate changing patterns in Kalu Ganga river basin in Rathnapura Sri Lanka

Abstract

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The Sri L anka is a tro p ic a l co u n try , it is im p o rta n t to stu d y th e erosion, tra n sp o rta tio n a n d d ep o sitio n p ro c e ss b ecau se o f riv e r flows. A ccording to th e geological tim e sc a le th e s e p ro c e sse s w e re e v id e n t d u rin g th e q u a te rn a ry p erio d . T h e re fo re lo ts o f se d im e n ts found w ith in th e low lan d s are a a ro u n d o f co u n try . T h e se d im e n ts h av e b een d e p o site d isla n d ­ w id e by th e p ro c e ss o f riv e r ero sio n a n d tra n sp o rta tio n . T he Kalu G anga riv er b asin is p ro m in e n t for se d im e n ta tio n o f su c h riv e r basin co m p ariso n w ith o th e r riv e r b asin s. It is in th e R a tn a p u ra d istric t th a t high d ep o sitio n h a s ta k e n place. T h e re is a stra tig ra p h y in m any se d im e n ts in th e Kalu Ganga riv e r b asin in te rm s o f th e d e p th of se d im e n ts a n d n u m b e r o f layers. T his re s e a rc h h a s a tte m p te d to stu d y th e w ay in w h ich th e ab o v e m e n tio n e d stra tig ra p h y ta k e s place a n d w hich factors h a v e c a u se d th e c re a tio n o f c re a te su ch p a rtic u la r p a tte rn s. F or th is p u rp o se, a n in v estig atio n w as c a rrie d o u t in 10 gem m ines re p re se n tin g th e lo w e r c a tc h m e n t o f th e riv er th ro u g h ra n d o m sam pling. P articu larly G1S m apping, Lab te stin g a n d sta tistic a l m eth o d s have b een u se d fo r an aly zin g a n d p re s e n tin g data. T he la b o ra to ry an aly ses m ain ly fo cused o n to Sieve an aly sis a n d P ip e tte analysis. R esearch re s u lts b ro u g h t o u t v ery im p o rta n t findings in re la tio n to th e stra tig ra p h y o f m an y se d im e n ts lay ers in th e Kalu Ganga riv e r basin. T h ere is a sp a tia l v a ria tio n in th e n u m b e r a n d th e d e p th of gem b earin g se d im e n t lay ers in th e Kalu G anga riv e r basin. Since th e lake se d im e n tsla y e rs a re fo u n d in th e lo w e r catch m en t, it is a ssu m e d th a t th e re w a s clim ate ch an g ed o f Q u a te rn a ry period.