An Exploratory Review on Dynamics in Productivity with the Intervention of Human Resource Management (HRM) with Special Reference to the Manufacturing Industry

Abstract

Dynamics in productivity with the intervention of Human Resource Management (HRM) was identified as a significant area with special reference to the global manufacturing industry. Most of the past research in this area were focused on the dynamics in productivity with non HR factors with reference to both manufacturing and service sectors. Manufacturing industry is highly driven by the achievement of goals and objectives. Human Resource (HR) is one of the key significant resource in achieving goals and objectives. Six key objectives were identified. The methodology adopted was the archival method. This review process covered the published research articles, books and conference papers related to HRM and productivity, which were published within the period of 1960 to 2018. In providing a sound theoretical framework theories such as Systems Theory, Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, Frederick Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory and Douglas McGregor Theory X and Y have been used. Five main variables were identified through-out the exploratory review. HRM Functions, organizational factors and personal factors were identified as independent variables. The dependent variable identified was the productivity. Motivation was identified as the mediating variable. Effective launch of the HRM functions such as HR Planning (HRP), recruitment and selection, training, remuneration system, system of appraisals, promotion and career advancement, disciplinary management, employee welfare and HRM Information Systems (HRMIS), enhances the organizational productivity. With the careful handling and effective usage of organizational factors such as leadership, team working behavior, organizational culture, empowerment, work environment and communication system, ultimately make a bigger contribution in enhancing productivity. Personal factors such as attitudes, skills, knowledge, behavior, responsibility and interest also make a vital contribution in enhancing productivity. There is a significant mediating effect of motivation in enhancing the productivity. Finally, based on the research findings of the archival method, a model was developed for further expansion of this specific research area with special reference to the manufacturing industry.