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Undulations in sidewalks result from the improper construction and improper
maintenance especially in developing countries and negatively affect the walkability. Based
on the observations of most frequently occurring undulations, 39 different cases excluding the
control case were created in a simulated sidewalk. A set of participants were invited to walk
along each of the simulated sidewalks and their walking speed, feeling of comfort and the
walking behavior was observed. Results revealed that undulation depths 50mm, 70mm and
90mm are comfortable and 250mm, 350mm and 450mm are uncomfortable which identified
from their behaviors.
